BCG Is the Only Tuberculosis Vaccine Currently Available In the Market
Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious disease caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is spread through person to person contact. TB-spreading bacteria spread when an infected person sneezes or coughs. A total of 1.4 million people died from TB in 2019. Tuberculosis mainly affects the lungs and might lead to death. Two types of tuberculosis are commonly observed, such as latent TB and active TB. In latent tuberculosis, the infected person does not show symptoms, while in active tuberculosis, the infected person shows clinical symptoms. Clinical symptoms of TB include shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, hemoptysis, weight loss, cough, night sweats, and fever. Based on the symptoms, TB can be classified as military TB, subcutaneous TB, or pulmonary TB. Tuberculosis can be diagnosed using interferon-gamma release assays, polymerase chain reaction tests, or skin tests. Drugs such as rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol are use...