Android App Development and It's Features

 

Android is a Linux-based, open source operating system for mobile devices such as tablet computers and smartphones. Android was developed by the Open Handset Alliance, led by Google, and other companies. Android App is a software designed to run on an emulator or Android device. The term also refers to an APK file which stands for Android package. There are three different types of mobile apps, Web apps, Native apps and Hybrid apps. Native apps are created for single oriented OS or platform. Web apps are the responsive versions of websites and accessible using a web browser. Web apps can work on any mobile device or OS because they are delivered using a mobile browser and hybrid apps include both native and web apps, but wrapped within a native app, giving it the ability to have its own icon or be downloaded from an app store. Android provides a rich application framework that allows one to build innovative games and apps for mobile devices in a Java language environment.



 

Android Architecture

Android architecture consists of Linux kernel which is the root of android architecture and is responsible for power management, device drivers, memory management, resource access, and device management. Native Libraries is middleware of android architecture and is responsible for SQLite, browser support, FreeType for font support, Media for playing and video formats and recording audio, etc. This layer consists of libraries such as OpenGL, WebKit, FreeType, Media, SQLite, C runtime library, etc. Next is Android runtime which consists of DVM (Dalvik Virtual Machine) and core libraries that is responsible to run android application. DVM is like JVM but it is optimized for mobile devices.


Core Building Blocks & additional components of Android


  • Activities – this is a class that represents single UI screen and handles the user interaction. It helps the apps to manage and switch the ongoing activity as well as the previous state restored activities. Moreover, it provides a way for apps to implement user flows between each other, and for the system to coordinate these flows.

  • Broadcast Receivers – this are responsible to handle communication between application and Android OS.

  • Content Provider – this are used to share and manage data between application and handle database management.

  • View - this is the UI element such as label, button, text field etc. Anything that is seen on the UI screen is a view.

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