Here’s What You Should Know about Spandex and its Properties and Applications

 

Spandex (also known as elastane or Lycra) is a lightweight, synthetic fiber, known for its exceptional elasticity, used to make stretchable clothing. It is made up of a combination of short chain diisocyanate, long chain polglycol, and polyurethane. Synthetic fibre known generically as spandex is composed of at least 85% polyurethane by weight. It was originally developed by chemist Joseph S. Shivers in DuPont's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia, as a means to dampen the effects of perspiration on wool.


 

Colorants and stabilizers are added to enhance appearance and improve the quality of spandex. Spandex offers superior versatility, weight, and strength as compared to rubber. Spandex can be stretched 500% of their length as they have high elasticity. Spandex is widely used in the textile and healthcare industry. It is mostly used in fabrics due to its properties such as compatible with other materials and fibers, body oil resistant, detergent resistant, abrasion resistant, easy dyeing, lightweight, smoothness, softness, and ability to be stretched.

Moreover, spandex is widely used in compression stocking and hoses, bandages, diapers, home furnishings, under garments, casual clothing, active wear, and sportswear. With the increasing use of spandex in textile and healthcare industry, the demand for spandex is also increasing. Moreover, increasing penetration of spandex in other end-use industries (such as aviation and energy, automobiles, etc.) and the launch of bio-based and environmentally friendly spandex is also expected to increase the demand for spandex in various markets.

The apparel industry produces around 53 million tons of fiber every year. In 2018, the United States-based company, INVISTA planned launch new LYCRA FREEF!T technology in North America for denim and woven fabrics. Furthermore, the company is set to further tap the opportunities in with its innovative product and solutions to address the global trends shaping the apparel industry. Dry spinning is commonly used for synthesis of spandex as it is a cost effective method.

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